Review on Dactylography Interfacing with Computers

Abstract

Like snowflakes, no two persons' fingerprints are exactly alike, not even those of identical twins. A fingerprint is the pattern on the inside of the finger in the area between the tip and the first joint and stays the same from the day of a person's birth to the day they die. These two facts make fingerprints very useful in identifying somebody beyond any doubt, and this is why police forces find them invaluable in tracking down a criminal. In more than 100 years of fingerprint record keeping, no two identical sets have ever been found, even on identical twins. The scientific study of fingerprints, known as dactylography, is used as a technique of crime detection by practically every modern law enforcement agency. Other government agencies and many private businesses also use fingerprints for identification purposes. The Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) in America holds the largest collection of fingerprints. Finger prints are easily classified, as there are four different basic shapes of pattern — arches, loops, whorls, and composites that are then subdivided according to things like the numbers of ridges between certain points in the pattern. To begin with, our skin consists of two layers of tissue. One is a thick, deep layer and over it is a delicate membrane called the "epidermis". In cold-blooded animals, the epidermis fits smoothly on the corium. There are no "ridges" to make "prints”. When Police Department tries to match the fingerprint of the accused persons at that time the exact matching of fingerprints necessary to identify the exact accused. The science of Dactylography gives the exact matching of fingerprint.