Advances in Kinetic Modeling of Anaerobic Digestion for Chemical Recovery in Biological Wastewater Systems

Authors

  • Matluck Afolabi  Independent Researcher, Louisiana, USA
  • Ogechi Amanda Onukogu  Metaspec Consult Ltd, Port Harcourt, Nigeria
  • Thompson Odion Igunma  Independent Researcher, Florida, USA
  • Adeniyi K. Adeleke  Independent Researcher, USA
  • Zamathula Q. Sikhakhane Nwokediegwu  Independent Researcher, Durban, South Africa

Keywords:

Anaerobic Digestion, Kinetic Modeling, Biological Wastewater Treatment, Volatile Fatty Acids, ADM1, Machine Learning, Biogas, Chemical Recovery, Microbial Kinetics, Circular Bioeconomy.

Abstract

This study explores recent advances in kinetic modeling of anaerobic digestion (AD) with a focus on optimizing chemical recovery in biological wastewater treatment systems. Anaerobic digestion has emerged as a critical component of sustainable wastewater management, enabling the conversion of complex organic substrates into valuable products such as biogas, volatile fatty acids (VFAs), and nutrients. However, the nonlinear dynamics, microbial consortia interactions, and substrate variability in AD processes pose significant challenges to prediction, control, and optimization. Kinetic models serve as essential tools for understanding system behavior, improving reactor performance, and guiding the recovery of target chemicals. This review systematically examines the development and refinement of kinetic models ranging from traditional first-order and Monod-based approaches to advanced mechanistic and machine learning-driven models. Recent innovations include the integration of multi-phase reaction kinetics, dynamic substrate degradation pathways, and microbial community modeling using ADM1 (Anaerobic Digestion Model No. 1) as a foundational framework. Hybrid models combining empirical kinetics with data-driven algorithms such as artificial neural networks (ANNs), support vector machines (SVMs), and ensemble learning techniques have demonstrated superior predictive accuracy in variable wastewater environments. Special emphasis is placed on kinetic modeling for chemical recovery beyond methane, particularly for VFAs, hydrogen, and ammonia, which are gaining attention as value-added products in circular bioeconomy systems. Model calibration and validation techniques, sensitivity analysis, and reactor configuration-specific kinetics (e.g., UASB, CSTR, and membrane bioreactors) are also critically reviewed. Challenges such as model overparameterization, data scarcity, and lack of real-time adaptability are discussed alongside emerging solutions including real-time optimization platforms and sensor integration. By consolidating theoretical advancements and application-based studies from 2000 to 2024, this work provides a roadmap for the next generation of kinetic modeling in AD systems. These models are essential for achieving efficient chemical recovery, operational resilience, and compliance with increasingly stringent environmental regulations in wastewater management.

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IInternational Journal of Scientific Research in Computer Science, Engineering and Information Technology

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2023-04-30

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Volume 9, Issue 2, March-April-2023

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Research Articles

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Matluck Afolabi, Ogechi Amanda Onukogu, Thompson Odion Igunma, Adeniyi K. Adeleke, Zamathula Q. Sikhakhane Nwokediegwu, " Advances in Kinetic Modeling of Anaerobic Digestion for Chemical Recovery in Biological Wastewater Systems" International Journal of Scientific Research in Computer Science, Engineering and Information Technology(IJSRCSEIT), ISSN : 2456-3307, Volume 9, Issue 2, pp.813-847, March-April-2023.